Biosensor
Biosensor
A Biosensor (pronounced: /ˈbaɪoʊˌsɛnsər/) is a device that combines a biological component with a physicochemical detector to detect the presence of various substances in the environment.
Etymology
The term "Biosensor" is derived from the Greek words "bios" meaning life and "sensor" which is derived from the Latin word "sensus" meaning to perceive or feel.
Definition
A Biosensor is an analytical device used for the detection of an analyte that combines a biological component with a physicochemical detector. The sensitive biological element, e.g. tissue, microorganisms, organelles, cell receptors, enzymes, antibodies, nucleic acids, etc., is a biologically derived material or biomimetic component that interacts with, binds with, or recognizes the analyte under study. The biologically sensitive elements can also be created by biological engineering. The transducer or the detector element, which transforms one signal into another one, works in a physicochemical way: optical, piezoelectric, electrochemical, thermometric, and magnetic signal transductions are commonly employed in biosensors.
Types of Biosensors
There are several types of biosensors, each with its own specific mode of operation. These include:
Applications
Biosensors have a wide range of applications in various fields such as:
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Biosensor
- Wikipedia's article - Biosensor
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