Binocular vision
Binocular Vision
Binocular vision (pronunciation: /bɪˈnɒkjʊlər ˈvɪʒən/) is a type of vision in which an organism has two eyes capable of facing the same direction to perceive a single three-dimensional image of its surroundings.
Etymology
The term "binocular" comes from two Latin roots, "bini" for double, and "oculus" for eye.
Definition
Binocular vision is the ability to maintain visual focus on an object with both eyes, creating a single visual image. Lack of binocular vision is normal in many animals, but in humans, it can be a sign of strabismus (misaligned eyes), amblyopia (lazy eye), or other vision disorders.
Function
The primary function of binocular vision is to provide depth perception, also known as stereopsis. This is achieved by the brain's ability to correlate the slightly different images it receives from each eye into a single, three-dimensional image. This process is known as binocular fusion.
Related Terms
- Stereopsis: The perception of depth and three-dimensional structure obtained on the basis of visual information deriving from two eyes by individuals with normally developed binocular vision.
- Binocular Disparity: The difference in image location of an object seen by the left and right eyes, resulting from the eyes’ horizontal separation (parallax). The brain uses binocular disparity to extract depth information from the two-dimensional retinal images in stereopsis.
- Convergence: The simultaneous inward movement of both eyes toward each other, usually in an effort to maintain single binocular vision when viewing an object.
- Diplopia: Also known as double vision, it's the simultaneous perception of two images of a single object that may be displaced horizontally, vertically, diagonally, or rotationally in relation to each other.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Binocular vision
- Wikipedia's article - Binocular vision
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