Bankart lesion

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Bankart lesion
Illustration of the shoulder joint
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Shoulder instability, shoulder pain
Complications	Recurrent shoulder dislocation
Onset	Often after shoulder dislocation
Duration	Can be chronic if untreated
Types	N/A
Causes	Trauma to the shoulder, often from dislocation
Risks	Contact sports, previous shoulder dislocations
Diagnosis	Physical examination, MRI, CT scan
Differential diagnosis	Hill-Sachs lesion, Rotator cuff tear
Prevention	Avoiding high-risk activities, strengthening shoulder muscles
Treatment	Physical therapy, arthroscopic surgery
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Good with treatment, risk of recurrence if untreated
Frequency	Common in young athletes
Deaths	N/A

Bankart Lesion: Shoulder Injury and Treatment

Introduction

A Bankart lesion is a specific injury to the shoulder joint, involving the anterior (inferior) glenoid labrum. It is commonly associated with anterior shoulder dislocations.

Diagram showing a Bankart lesion in the shoulder joint

Pathophysiology

The Bankart lesion occurs when:

• The anterior part of the glenoid labrum is injured.
• A pocket forms at the front of the glenoid, allowing the humeral head to dislocate into it.

This condition often leads to recurrent shoulder dislocations.

Association with Hill-Sachs Lesion

• It is frequently accompanied by a Hill-Sachs lesion, which is damage to the posterior humeral head.
• This combination of injuries is indicative of severe shoulder instability.

Treatment and Surgery

Indications for surgery include:

• Recurrent shoulder dislocations
• Persistent pain or instability after shoulder dislocation

Surgical options may involve:

• Arthroscopic repair
• Reconstruction of the labrum
• Addressing any associated fractures

Shoulder dislocation with Bankart and Hill-Sachs lesion, before and after reduction

Bony Bankart Lesion

• A bony Bankart lesion includes a fracture of the anterior-inferior glenoid cavity of the scapula bone.
• Treatment of a bony Bankart lesion often requires more complex surgical procedures.

Historical Context

• The Bankart lesion is named after English orthopedic surgeon Arthur Sydney Blundell Bankart (1879–1951), who first described it.

Arthur Sydney Blundell Bankart, who first described the Bankart lesion

Epidemiology and Risk Factors

• Common in younger individuals and athletes involved in contact sports.
• Risk factors include previous shoulder dislocations and ligamentous laxity.

References

• National Center for Biotechnology Information - The Bankart Lesion: A Review of Anatomy and Repair Techniques
• American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons - Common Shoulder Injuries
• Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy - Shoulder Dislocation and Instability

External Links

• ShoulderDoc - Bankart Repair
• Britannica - Orthopedic Surgery

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