Bacteriome
Bacteriome
Bacteriome (pronunciation: /bækˈtɪəriəʊm/) is a term used in the field of Microbiology and Genomics to describe the collective genome of all bacteria in a community, particularly those within a specific environment such as the human gut.
Etymology
The term 'Bacteriome' is derived from the Greek words 'bakterion' meaning small rod, and 'ome', a suffix used in molecular biology to denote a totality of some sort, in this case, the total bacterial genetic material in a given environment.
Definition
A Bacteriome is the sum of all bacterial genetic material in a particular environment. It is a subset of the Microbiome, which includes all microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, etc.) in a specific environment. The study of the bacteriome is a crucial aspect of Metagenomics, a field that focuses on the collective genome of microbial communities.
Related Terms
- Microbiome: The entire community of microorganisms in a particular environment.
- Metagenomics: The study of genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples.
- Genome: The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.
- Bacteria: A type of biological cell that constitutes a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms.
Importance
The study of the bacteriome has significant implications in understanding the role of bacteria in various environments, particularly in human health and disease. It can provide insights into the complex interactions between the host and its resident bacteria, and how these interactions influence health outcomes. For instance, alterations in the gut bacteriome have been linked to various diseases, including Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Bacteriome
- Wikipedia's article - Bacteriome
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