Autonomic ganglia
Autonomic Ganglia
Autonomic ganglia (pronunciation: aw-toh-NAH-mik GANG-lee-uh) are clusters of nerve cells that are a part of the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS). They act as relay stations in the transmission of nerve impulses from the central nervous system to the peripheral organs and tissues.
Etymology
The term 'autonomic' is derived from the Greek words 'auto' meaning 'self' and 'nomos' meaning 'law'. It refers to the self-regulating nature of the ANS. 'Ganglia' is derived from the Greek word 'ganglion' meaning 'knot', referring to the knot-like appearance of these nerve cell clusters.
Structure and Function
Autonomic ganglia are made up of neurons and are located outside the central nervous system. They are connected to effector organs such as the heart, lungs, and glands through nerves.
The main function of autonomic ganglia is to transmit nerve impulses from the brain and spinal cord to the peripheral organs. This transmission is crucial for the regulation of involuntary body functions such as heart rate, digestion, and salivation.
Types of Autonomic Ganglia
There are two main types of autonomic ganglia: sympathetic ganglia and parasympathetic ganglia.
Sympathetic Ganglia are part of the Sympathetic Nervous System, which prepares the body for 'fight or flight' responses.
Parasympathetic Ganglia are part of the Parasympathetic Nervous System, which promotes 'rest and digest' functions.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Autonomic ganglia
- Wikipedia's article - Autonomic ganglia
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