Aspartate aminotransferase

Aspartate aminotransferase (pronunciation: as-par-tate am-ino-trans-fer-ase), also known as AST or SGOT (Serum Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase), is an enzyme primarily found in the liver and heart.

Etymology

The term "aspartate" is derived from aspartic acid, a type of amino acid. "Aminotransferase" refers to the enzyme's ability to transfer an amino group from one molecule to another.

Function

Aspartate aminotransferase is involved in the alanine cycle and the urea cycle, both of which are vital for the metabolism of amino acids and the production of energy in the body. It catalyzes the conversion of aspartate and alpha-ketoglutarate into oxaloacetate and glutamate, respectively.

Clinical significance

In medical practice, the level of Aspartate aminotransferase in the blood is often measured to assess liver health. Elevated levels of AST can indicate liver damage or disease, such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, or liver cancer. It can also be elevated in conditions affecting the heart, such as a myocardial infarction.

Related terms

• Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
• Aminotransferase
• Liver function tests (LFTs)
• Hepatocellular injury

See also

• Aspartic acid
• Enzyme
• Liver disease
• Cardiac markers

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Aspartate aminotransferase
• Wikipedia's article - Aspartate aminotransferase

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