Artificial kidney
Artificial Kidney
Artificial kidney (/ɑːrˈtɪfɪʃəl ˈkɪdni/) is a device that performs the functions of a biological kidney by removing waste products and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys are not able to perform these tasks adequately.
Etymology
The term "artificial kidney" is derived from the Latin word "artificium" meaning "made by art" and the Greek word "nephros" meaning "kidney".
Function
The artificial kidney is used in dialysis, a therapy that artificially mimics natural kidney function. It is a life-saving technology for patients with renal failure. The artificial kidney filters the blood, removing harmful wastes, excess salt, and water.
Types
There are two main types of artificial kidneys: Hemodialysis and Peritoneal dialysis. Hemodialysis uses a machine and a filter to remove waste and water from the blood. Peritoneal dialysis uses the lining of the abdomen (the peritoneum) and a cleaning solution (dialysate) to clean the blood.
Development
The development of the artificial kidney has been a significant achievement in the field of nephrology. The first successful artificial kidney was developed by Dutch physician Willem Kolff in 1943. Since then, the technology has evolved and improved, with modern artificial kidneys being more efficient and easier to use.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Artificial kidney
- Wikipedia's article - Artificial kidney
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