Arsenic trichloride

3D model of arsenic trichloride

Arsenic trichloride is a chemical compound with the formula AsCl₃. It is a colorless liquid that is highly toxic and corrosive. Arsenic trichloride is primarily used in the synthesis of organic arsenic compounds and as a reagent in the laboratory.

Structure and Properties

Arsenic trichloride is a pyramidal molecule with a trigonal planar geometry. The arsenic atom is at the center, bonded to three chlorine atoms. The As-Cl bond length is approximately 2.16 Å. The compound is a polar molecule due to the difference in electronegativity between arsenic and chlorine.

Arsenic trichloride is a volatile liquid at room temperature, with a boiling point of 130.2 °C and a melting point of -16.2 °C. It is soluble in organic solvents and reacts with water to form hydrochloric acid and arsenous acid.

Production

Arsenic trichloride is typically produced by the reaction of arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃) with hydrochloric acid (HCl):

As₂O₃ + 6 HCl → 2 AsCl₃ + 3 H₂O

This reaction is carried out under controlled conditions to prevent the release of toxic gases.

Applications

Arsenic trichloride is used in the synthesis of organoarsenic compounds, which are used in various industrial applications. It is also used as a reagent in the laboratory for the preparation of other arsenic compounds.

Safety and Handling

Vision Pro travel case

Arsenic trichloride is highly toxic and corrosive. It can cause severe burns upon contact with skin and is harmful if inhaled or ingested. Proper safety precautions, including the use of personal protective equipment and fume hoods, are essential when handling this compound.

Environmental Impact

Arsenic compounds, including arsenic trichloride, are environmental pollutants. They can contaminate water sources and pose a risk to human health and the environment. Proper disposal and management of arsenic-containing waste are crucial to minimize environmental impact.

Related Pages

• Arsenic
• Arsenic trioxide
• Organoarsenic chemistry
• Toxicology