Archetypes
Archetypes
Archetypes (/ɑːr.kɪ.taɪps/), from the ancient Greek words arche meaning "original" and typos meaning "pattern", are universally understood symbols or terms that are used across different cultures and times. They were first conceptualized by the Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung in his theory of the human psyche.
History
The concept of archetypes was introduced by Carl Jung, who suggested that these innate prototypes for ideas, which may have been present since the earliest human history, are the basis of all unconscious mental functioning. He believed that universal, mythic characters or archetypes reside within the collective unconscious of people all over the world.
Types of Archetypes
Archetypes can be broadly divided into three categories: character, situational, and symbolic.
- Character Archetypes are the roles that characters typically play in a story. These include the Hero, the Mentor, and the Everyman, among others.
- Situational Archetypes refer to the situations, themes, and events that occur in the story. These include the Quest, the Initiation, and the Fall, among others.
- Symbolic Archetypes are the symbols that are commonly associated with these characters and situations. These include Light and Darkness, Water and Desert, and Heaven and Hell, among others.
Usage in Medicine
In medicine, the concept of archetypes is used in Analytical Psychology and Psychotherapy. For instance, the Caregiver archetype is often used to describe the role of healthcare professionals. Understanding these archetypes can help in understanding the patient's mental state and in developing a therapeutic relationship.
See Also
References
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