Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana (pronunciation: /ærəˈbɪdəˌpoʊsɪs θəˈlaɪnə/), also known as thale cress, mouse-ear cress or Arabidopsis, is a small flowering plant native to Eurasia. It is one of the model organisms used for studying plant biology and genetics.
Etymology
The genus name Arabidopsis comes from the Greek words "arabis", meaning "Arabian", and "opsis", meaning "resembling". The species name thaliana was given in honor of Johannes Thal (1542–1583), a German physician and botanist.
Description
Arabidopsis thaliana is a small, flowering plant that typically grows to about 20-25 cm in height. It has a short life cycle, typically completing its life cycle in six weeks, which makes it a popular choice for research in genetics and plant development.
Genetics
The genome of Arabidopsis thaliana was the first plant genome to be sequenced, completed in 2000. It has five chromosomes and approximately 27,500 genes. This has made it a key organism in plant genetics and genomics.
Related Terms
- Genome: The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.
- Genetics: The study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in living organisms.
- Genomics: An interdisciplinary field of science focusing on the structure, function, evolution, mapping, and editing of genomes.
- Model Organism: A non-human species that is extensively studied to understand particular biological phenomena.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Arabidopsis thaliana
- Wikipedia's article - Arabidopsis thaliana
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