Anisakiasis

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Anisakiasis

Anisakiasis (pronounced: /ˌænɪsəˈkaɪəsɪs/) is a parasitic disease caused by the consumption of raw or undercooked seafood infected with nematodes (roundworms) of the genus Anisakis.

Etymology

The term Anisakiasis is derived from the genus name Anisakis and the Greek suffix -iasis, which denotes a pathological condition or disease. The genus name Anisakis is a combination of the Greek words anisos (unequal) and akis (point), referring to the unequal spicules (a type of structural element) in the male worm.

Symptoms

Symptoms of Anisakiasis typically begin within hours of ingestion and include severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and in some cases, diarrhea. In severe cases, the disease can lead to complications such as intestinal obstruction and perforation.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Anisakiasis is typically made through endoscopy, where the presence of the worm can be directly observed. In some cases, a biopsy may be required to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment for Anisakiasis typically involves the removal of the worm through endoscopy. In severe cases, surgery may be required. Antiparasitic medication is not typically used, as the worm usually dies within a few weeks of infection.

Prevention

Prevention of Anisakiasis involves proper cooking or freezing of seafood before consumption. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends cooking seafood to an internal temperature of 145°F (63°C) or freezing at -4°F (-20°C) for 7 days to kill any parasites.

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