Anaplerotic reactions
Anaplerotic Reactions
Anaplerotic reactions (pronunciation: /ˌænəplɪˈrɒtɪk rɪˈækʃənz/) are a series of biochemical reactions that replenish the supply of metabolic intermediates in the TCA cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle or citric acid cycle). The term "anaplerotic" is derived from the Greek words "ana" meaning "up" and "plerosis" meaning "filling", thus referring to the process that 'fills up' the metabolic cycle.
Function
Anaplerotic reactions play a crucial role in maintaining the proper functioning of the TCA cycle. They ensure that the cycle continues to operate even when intermediates are removed for other metabolic processes such as amino acid synthesis, gluconeogenesis, and fatty acid synthesis.
Types of Anaplerotic Reactions
There are several types of anaplerotic reactions, including:
- Pyruvate Carboxylase Reaction: This reaction converts pyruvate into oxaloacetate, replenishing the TCA cycle.
- PEP Carboxykinase Reaction: This reaction converts phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) into oxaloacetate.
- Malic Enzyme Reaction: This reaction converts malate into pyruvate, producing NADPH in the process.
Clinical Significance
Defects in anaplerotic reactions can lead to various metabolic disorders. For instance, a deficiency in pyruvate carboxylase can result in lactic acidosis, a condition characterized by an excess of lactic acid in the body.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Anaplerotic reactions
- Wikipedia's article - Anaplerotic reactions
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