Alcohol dependence

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Alcohol Dependence

Alcohol dependence (pronunciation: al·​co·​hol de·​pen·​dence) is a chronic disease characterized by an inability to stop or control alcohol use despite adverse social, occupational, or health consequences. It is also known as alcoholism and alcohol use disorder (AUD).

Etymology

The term "alcohol dependence" is derived from the Latin word "alcohol" meaning "spirit of wine" and the Latin word "dependere" meaning "to hang from". It was first used in the medical context in the late 20th century.

Definition

Alcohol dependence is defined as a maladaptive pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress. It is characterized by a strong craving for alcohol, the inability to limit drinking, the development of tolerance, and withdrawal symptoms upon abrupt discontinuation.

Symptoms

Symptoms of alcohol dependence include:

  • Increased tolerance to alcohol
  • Withdrawal symptoms when not drinking
  • Unsuccessful attempts to cut down or stop drinking
  • Continued alcohol use despite knowing its harmful effects
  • Neglect of social, occupational, or recreational activities

Causes

The exact cause of alcohol dependence is unknown, but it is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors. Risk factors include family history of alcoholism, history of mental health disorders, peer pressure, and stressful life events.

Treatment

Treatment for alcohol dependence often involves a combination of medication, counseling, and support groups. Medications such as disulfiram, naltrexone, and acamprosate may be used to help manage withdrawal symptoms and cravings. Behavioral therapies like cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and motivational enhancement therapy (MET) can also be beneficial.

Related Terms

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