Access control
Access Control
Access control (/ˈæksɛs kənˈtroʊl/) is a fundamental concept in healthcare and medical informatics, referring to the selective restriction of access to a place or other resource.
Etymology
The term "access control" originates from the English words "access" (from Latin 'accessus', approach) and "control" (from Middle French 'contreroller', check or restrain).
Definition
In the context of healthcare, access control often refers to the systems and processes that regulate who can view or use resources in a computing environment. It is a broad term that encompasses many different types of control, including physical, logical, and administrative.
Types of Access Control
There are several types of access control, including:
- Discretionary Access Control (DAC): This type of access control allows the owner of the information or resource to decide who can access it.
- Mandatory Access Control (MAC): In this system, access to resources is regulated by a central authority based on multiple levels of security.
- Role-Based Access Control (RBAC): This type of access control assigns access rights based on the role of the user within the organization.
- Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC): This is a more flexible system where access rights are granted based on a set of attributes associated with the user and the resource.
Importance in Healthcare
In healthcare, access control is crucial for protecting patient privacy and ensuring compliance with laws and regulations such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). It helps prevent unauthorized access to sensitive patient information and medical records, thereby maintaining the confidentiality and integrity of such data.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Access control
- Wikipedia's article - Access control
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