Abhaya Wewa

Abhayavapi

Abhaya Wewa is a significant reservoir located in the Anuradhapura District of Sri Lanka, renowned for its historical and agricultural importance. The reservoir, also known as Basawakkulama Tank, plays a crucial role in the ancient irrigation network that symbolizes the advanced engineering skills of early Sri Lankan civilizations.

History

Abhaya Wewa was constructed in the 4th century BC under the reign of King Pandukabhaya, making it one of the oldest irrigation tanks in Sri Lanka. The reservoir was built to provide water for the capital city of Anuradhapura, supporting both the domestic and agricultural needs of the ancient kingdom. Over centuries, it has been renovated and expanded by various rulers to enhance its capacity and efficiency.

Geography

Situated near the historic city of Anuradhapura, Abhaya Wewa spans a considerable area and is a key component of the region's ecosystem. The reservoir's catchment area receives water from several small streams and the monsoon rains, which are then stored and used to irrigate the surrounding agricultural lands. The tank also supports a diverse range of flora and fauna, contributing to the biodiversity of the area.

Cultural Significance

Abhaya Wewa is not only an engineering marvel but also a site of cultural and religious significance. The reservoir is closely associated with many ancient Buddhist sites in Anuradhapura, including the Ruwanwelisaya and the Isurumuniya temple. It is a testament to the sustainable water management practices and the Buddhist philosophy of harmony with nature that prevailed in ancient Sri Lanka.

Current Status

Today, Abhaya Wewa continues to be an essential source of irrigation water, supporting the livelihoods of the local farming communities. It is also a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors interested in the ancient heritage and natural beauty of Sri Lanka. Efforts are being made to preserve the reservoir and its surroundings to ensure its sustainability for future generations.

See Also

• Irrigation in Sri Lanka
• Anuradhapura
• Ancient engineering works of Sri Lanka