Conocybe rugosa

Conocybe rugosa is a species of mushroom in the family Bolbitiaceae. It is known for its small, delicate fruiting bodies and is commonly found in grassy areas. This species is notable for its distinctive wrinkled cap surface, which gives it the name "rugosa," meaning "wrinkled" in Latin.

Description

Conocybe rugosa is a small agaric with a cap that ranges from 1 to 3 cm in diameter. The cap is initially conical, becoming convex to flat with age. It is characterized by its wrinkled surface, which is a key identifying feature. The color of the cap is typically a pale yellow-brown, sometimes with a slight reddish tint.

The gills are adnexed to free, closely spaced, and pale brown, darkening with age as the spores mature. The stipe (stem) is slender, measuring 3 to 8 cm in height and 1 to 2 mm in thickness. It is typically the same color as the cap or slightly paler, with a fragile, hollow structure.

The spore print of Conocybe rugosa is rusty brown. Microscopically, the spores are smooth, ellipsoid, and measure 10-12 by 6-7 micrometers.

Habitat and Distribution

Conocybe rugosa is commonly found in grassy areas, lawns, and meadows. It is a saprotrophic fungus, meaning it derives nutrients from decomposing organic matter. This species is widely distributed across temperate regions and can often be found in urban environments where grass is maintained.

Toxicity

Conocybe rugosa is considered inedible and potentially toxic. It contains toxins similar to those found in other members of the genus Conocybe, such as phallotoxins and amatoxins, which can cause severe liver damage if ingested. Therefore, it is advised to avoid consumption of this mushroom.

Similar Species

Conocybe rugosa can be confused with other small, brown mushrooms, particularly those in the genera Galerina and Pholiotina. Careful examination of the cap surface and spore characteristics is necessary for accurate identification.

Related Pages

• Conocybe
• Bolbitiaceae
• Mushroom poisoning
• Agaricales