Halofantrine

Halofantrine is a drug used in the treatment of malaria. It is a phenanthrene methanol, similar to quinine, and was developed in the 1970s by Smith Kline & French in the United States. Halofantrine is not commonly used due to its potential to cause a lengthening of the QT interval on an electrocardiogram. It is used only in the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria.

Pharmacology

Halofantrine works by inhibiting the formation of hemozoin in the parasite, a process which is essential to the parasite's survival. Hemozoin is a by-product of the digestion of hemoglobin, which the parasite uses as a source of amino acids. By inhibiting the formation of hemozoin, halofantrine prevents the parasite from growing and multiplying.

Side Effects

The most common side effects of halofantrine are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and cough. Less common side effects include dizziness, headache, rash, and itching. Rare but serious side effects include heart problems, such as a lengthening of the QT interval on an electrocardiogram.

Dosage

The recommended dosage of halofantrine is 500 mg taken three times a day for one day. This should be followed by a second course of treatment 7 days later. The drug should be taken with food to increase its absorption.

Precautions

Halofantrine should not be used in people with a history of heart disease, liver disease, or kidney disease. It should also not be used in people who are taking other medications that can lengthen the QT interval.

Interactions

Halofantrine can interact with other medications, including antibiotics, antifungals, antidepressants, and heart medications. These interactions can increase the risk of side effects and should be avoided.

See Also

• Malaria
• Antimalarial medication
• Quinine
• Plasmodium falciparum

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