Magnesium hydroxide

Magnesium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Mg(OH)_. It is a white solid that occurs naturally as the mineral brucite. Magnesium hydroxide is commonly used in medicine as an antacid and a laxative. It is also used in various industrial applications.

Chemical Properties

Magnesium hydroxide is a slightly soluble compound in water, forming a suspension known as milk of magnesia. The solubility of magnesium hydroxide in water is low, which is why it is often used in suspension form.

Medical Uses

Antacid

Magnesium hydroxide is widely used as an antacid to neutralize stomach acid and relieve symptoms of indigestion and heartburn. It works by reacting with hydrochloric acid in the stomach to form magnesium chloride and water, thus reducing acidity.

Laxative

As a laxative, magnesium hydroxide draws water into the intestines, which helps to soften stools and stimulate bowel movements. It is often used to treat occasional constipation.

Industrial Applications

Magnesium hydroxide is used in various industrial applications, including as a fire retardant. It decomposes at high temperatures to release water, which helps to cool and suppress flames. It is also used in wastewater treatment to neutralize acidic waste streams.

Safety and Side Effects

Magnesium hydroxide is generally considered safe when used as directed. However, excessive use can lead to side effects such as diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and electrolyte imbalances. It should be used with caution in individuals with kidney disease, as impaired kidney function can lead to accumulation of magnesium in the body.

Gallery

• 
  Magnesium hydroxide
• 
  Brucite, a mineral form of magnesium hydroxide

Related Compounds

• Magnesium oxide
• Magnesium sulfate
• Aluminum hydroxide

Related Pages

• Antacid
• Laxative
• Brucite