Cardoon

A perennial thistle in the sunflower family cultivated for its edible parts

The cardoon (Cynara cardunculus) is a thistle-like perennial plant in the Asteraceae family, closely related to the artichoke. It is native to the Mediterranean region and is cultivated for its edible leaf stalks and roots. The cardoon is also known for its ornamental value and is sometimes grown in gardens for its striking appearance.

Description

The cardoon is a robust plant that can grow up to 1.5 meters (5 feet) tall. It has deeply lobed, silvery-grey leaves that can reach up to 1 meter (3 feet) in length. The plant produces large, purple flower heads similar to those of the artichoke, which bloom in the summer.

File:Cardoon flower.jpg

Cardoon flower

The edible parts of the cardoon are the blanched leaf stalks, which are harvested in the winter months. The stalks are typically tied together and covered to exclude light, a process known as blanching, which makes them tender and reduces their bitterness.

Cultivation

Cardoons are typically grown from seed, which is sown in the spring. The plants prefer a sunny location with well-drained soil. They require regular watering, especially during dry periods, to ensure the development of tender stalks.

Blanching is an essential part of cardoon cultivation. This is usually done in the fall, about three to four weeks before harvest. The stalks are tied together and wrapped in straw, paper, or other materials to block out light.

Culinary Uses

Cardoons are a traditional ingredient in Mediterranean cuisine. The blanched stalks are often boiled or braised and can be used in a variety of dishes, such as stews, gratins, and salads. They have a flavor similar to that of artichokes, with a slightly bitter undertone.

In some regions, the roots of the cardoon are also consumed. They can be boiled or roasted and are sometimes used as a coffee substitute.

Medicinal Uses

Historically, cardoons have been used in herbal medicine. They are believed to have diuretic properties and have been used to treat digestive disorders. The plant contains cynarin, a compound thought to have liver-protective effects.

Ornamental Use

In addition to its culinary and medicinal uses, the cardoon is valued for its ornamental qualities. Its large, architectural form and striking flowers make it a popular choice for garden borders and as a focal point in landscape design.

Related pages

• Artichoke
• Asteraceae
• Mediterranean cuisine