Erzurum

City in Turkey

Erzurum is a city in eastern Turkey and the largest city in the Erzurum Province. It is situated on a high plateau at an altitude of 1,900 meters (6,200 feet) and is known for its cold winters and historical significance.

History

Erzurum has a rich history that dates back to antiquity. It was originally known as Karin in ancient times and has been a significant city throughout various empires, including the Byzantine Empire, the Seljuk Empire, and the Ottoman Empire.

Ancient and Medieval Periods

The city was an important center during the Byzantine period and was known as Theodosiopolis. It was later conquered by the Seljuks in the 11th century, becoming a key city in their empire. The Seljuk architecture is still evident in the city today.

Ottoman Era

Under the Ottomans, Erzurum became a major administrative and military center. It played a crucial role during the Russo-Turkish Wars and was a strategic location during the First World War.

Geography

Erzurum is located in a mountainous region and is surrounded by the Palandöken Mountains. The city experiences a continental climate, with cold, snowy winters and mild summers. The Palandöken Ski Resort is a popular destination for winter sports enthusiasts.

Economy

The economy of Erzurum is primarily based on agriculture, livestock, and trade. The city is also a center for education and culture, with several universities and cultural institutions.

Culture

Erzurum is known for its rich cultural heritage, including traditional music, dance, and cuisine. The city hosts various festivals and events throughout the year, celebrating its diverse history and traditions.

Cuisine

The local cuisine of Erzurum includes dishes such as ca_ kebabı, a type of kebab unique to the region, and kadayıf dolması, a sweet dessert made with shredded wheat and nuts.

Education

Erzurum is home to Atatürk University, one of the largest universities in Turkey. The university offers a wide range of programs and is a major center for research and education in the region.

Transportation

The city is well-connected by road and rail, with regular services to major cities in Turkey. Erzurum Airport provides domestic flights to various destinations.

Notable Landmarks

File:Erzurum Castle.jpg

Erzurum Castle

Erzurum is home to several historical landmarks, including:

• Erzurum Castle: A medieval fortress that offers panoramic views of the city.
• Çifte Minareli Medrese: A 13th-century Seljuk madrasa known for its twin minarets.
• Yakutiye Medrese: A historical building that now serves as a museum.

Related pages

• Erzurum Province
• Palandöken Mountains
• Atatürk University