Syringa vulgaris

Syringa vulgaris, also known as the common lilac, is a species of flowering plant in the Oleaceae family. It is native to the Balkan Peninsula, where it grows on rocky hills. This species is widely cultivated as an ornamental and has been naturalized in other parts of Europe, as well as North America.

Description

Syringa vulgaris is a large deciduous shrub or small tree, growing to a height of 6–7 m. The leaves are simple, heart-shaped, and arranged oppositely on the stems. The flowers are produced in spring and are arranged in dense, terminal panicles. They are fragrant, with a scent that is often described as one of the defining fragrances of the season.

Cultivation

Syringa vulgaris is a popular ornamental plant in gardens and parks, due to its attractive, fragrant flowers. It is also used in the cut flower industry. The plant is hardy and can tolerate a range of soil types, but prefers well-drained, loamy soil. It is also tolerant of urban pollution, and will even thrive in inner city environments.

Varieties

There are numerous varieties of Syringa vulgaris, many of them developed for the horticultural trade. These include 'Alba', a white-flowered variety; 'Charles Joly', a double magenta variety; and 'Firmament', a single blue variety.

Uses

In addition to its use as an ornamental plant, Syringa vulgaris has a number of other uses. The wood is hard and dense, and can be used for engraving or musical instruments. The flowers are edible and can be used to flavor food and drink.

Cultural significance

The common lilac is a symbol of love in many cultures. In Greece, it is associated with the ancient festival of Pan, the god of forests and fields. In Russia, holding a sprig of lilac over the newborn would bring wisdom.

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