Mozambique tilapia

Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) is a species of tilapia, a cichlid fish native to southeastern Africa. It is a popular species in aquaculture due to its robust nature and fast growth rate.

Description

Mozambique tilapia are medium-sized fish that can reach lengths of up to 36 cm. They have a laterally compressed body with a continuous dorsal fin. The coloration of Mozambique tilapia can vary from a dull olive green to a vibrant blue or gray, often with red or orange hues on the fins.

Distribution and habitat

The Mozambique tilapia is native to the freshwater systems of southeastern Africa, including the Zambezi River, Limpopo River, and the coastal rivers of Mozambique. It has also been introduced to many other parts of the world for aquaculture and as a means of controlling aquatic vegetation.

Diet

Mozambique tilapia are omnivores, feeding on a wide variety of food sources. Their diet includes algae, small invertebrates, detritus, and plant material.

Reproduction

Mozambique tilapia are mouthbrooders, meaning the female carries the fertilized eggs and young in her mouth to protect them. The breeding season typically occurs during the warmer months when water temperatures are optimal.

Aquaculture

Mozambique tilapia is one of the most commonly farmed fish species worldwide. It is prized for its fast growth rate, adaptability to a wide range of conditions, and its resistance to disease. It is often farmed in polyculture systems with other species such as shrimp or rice.

Impact on native species

In areas where the Mozambique tilapia has been introduced, it can outcompete native species for resources and habitat, leading to declines in native fish populations. This has led to it being listed as one of the world's 100 worst invasive alien species by the Invasive Species Specialist Group.

See also

• Tilapia
• Aquaculture
• Invasive species

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  Oreochromis mossambicus
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  Mozambique tilapia
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  Tilapia mossambica in Barcelona
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  Mozambique tilapia total production (thousand tonnes) 1950-2022