1,3-Propanediol

A chemical compound used in the production of polymers

1,3-Propanediol

Ball and stick model of 1,3-Propanediol

1,3-Propanediol is a chemical compound with the formula C_H_O_. It is a diol, which means it contains two hydroxyl groups (-OH) attached to a three-carbon alkane chain. This compound is a colorless, odorless, and hygroscopic liquid that is miscible with water.

Structure and properties

1,3-Propanediol has a linear structure with the chemical formula HOCH_CH_CH_OH. The presence of two hydroxyl groups makes it a member of the alcohol family, specifically a diol. The compound is known for its ability to form strong hydrogen bonds, which contributes to its high boiling point and solubility in water.

Synthesis

1,3-Propanediol can be synthesized through several methods:

• Hydroformylation of ethylene oxide: This process involves the reaction of ethylene oxide with carbon monoxide and hydrogen to form 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, which is then hydrogenated to produce 1,3-propanediol.
• Fermentation: Certain microorganisms can convert glycerol into 1,3-propanediol through a fermentation process. This method is considered more environmentally friendly and sustainable.
• Chemical reduction: 1,3-Propanediol can also be produced by the reduction of acrolein using hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst.

Applications

1,3-Propanediol is primarily used in the production of polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), a type of polyester used in textiles and carpets. It is also used as a building block in the synthesis of other polymers and as a solvent in various industrial applications.

Safety and handling

1,3-Propanediol is generally considered to be of low toxicity. However, as with all chemicals, it should be handled with care, using appropriate personal protective equipment to avoid skin and eye contact. It should be stored in a cool, dry place away from incompatible substances.

Related pages

• Diol
• Polytrimethylene terephthalate
• Ethylene glycol
• Glycerol