CD5 (protein)

CD5 (protein)

CD5 protein structure

CD5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD5 gene. It is a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily and is predominantly expressed in T cells and B cells, the cells involved in the immune response.

Structure

CD5 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein. It is composed of a large extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic domain. The extracellular domain contains three scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domains, which are involved in protein-protein interactions.

Function

CD5 plays a crucial role in the immune response. It acts as a co-receptor in both T cells and B cells, modulating T cell receptor and B cell receptor signaling. This modulation can either enhance or inhibit the immune response, depending on the context. CD5 also plays a role in autoimmunity and cancer.

Clinical significance

Alterations in CD5 expression have been associated with various diseases. Overexpression of CD5 is observed in certain types of leukemia and lymphoma, and is used as a diagnostic marker for these diseases. Conversely, reduced CD5 expression is associated with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis.

See also

• Cluster of differentiation
• T cell
• B cell
• Autoimmunity
• Cancer

References

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External links

• GeneCards - CD5

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