Nucleus accumbens

File:Castro2015.jpg

Castro2015

File:Nucleus accumbens coronal sections.gif

Nucleus accumbens coronal sections

File:Nucleus accumbens sagittal sections.gif

Nucleus accumbens sagittal sections

File:Nucleus accumbens transversal sections.gif

Nucleus accumbens transversal sections

Region of the brain involved in reward and pleasure

General Information
Latin	nucleus accumbens
Greek
TA98
TA2
FMA
Details
System	Limbic system
Artery
Vein
Nerve
Lymphatic drainage
Precursor
Function
Identifiers
Clinical significance
Notes

The nucleus accumbens (NAcc) is a region in the basal ganglia of the brain. It plays a central role in the reward system, pleasure, and reinforcement learning. The nucleus accumbens is divided into two main subregions: the core and the shell, each with distinct functions and connections.

Anatomy

The nucleus accumbens is located in the ventral striatum and is part of the limbic system. It receives dopaminergic inputs from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and glutamatergic inputs from the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus. The core and shell regions have different anatomical connections and functions.

Core

The core of the nucleus accumbens is involved in the motor functions related to reward and reinforcement. It is connected to the dorsal striatum and the globus pallidus.

Shell

The shell of the nucleus accumbens is associated with the emotional and motivational aspects of reward. It has extensive connections with the limbic system, including the amygdala and the hippocampus.

Function

The nucleus accumbens is crucial for the processing of rewarding stimuli, including natural rewards like food and social interactions, as well as artificial rewards such as drugs of abuse. It is involved in the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward.

Reward and Pleasure

Activation of the nucleus accumbens is associated with the experience of pleasure and the anticipation of rewards. It plays a key role in the mesolimbic pathway, which is involved in the processing of rewarding stimuli.

Reinforcement Learning

The nucleus accumbens is also involved in reinforcement learning, where it helps to reinforce behaviors that lead to rewarding outcomes. This process is essential for the development of habits and the learning of new behaviors.

Clinical Significance

Dysfunction of the nucleus accumbens has been implicated in various psychiatric and neurological disorders, including addiction, depression, and schizophrenia. Understanding the role of the nucleus accumbens in these conditions is important for developing effective treatments.

Related Pages

• Basal ganglia
• Limbic system
• Ventral tegmental area
• Prefrontal cortex
• Amygdala
• Hippocampus
• Dopamine
• Mesolimbic pathway
• Addiction
• Depression
• Schizophrenia

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