Sjögren

Sjögren's syndrome is a long-term autoimmune disease in which the moisture-producing glands of the body are affected. This results primarily in the development of a dry mouth and dry eyes. Other symptoms can include dry skin, a chronic cough, vaginal dryness, numbness in the arms and legs, feeling tired, muscle and joint pains, and thyroid problems. Those affected are also at an increased risk (5%) of lymphoma.

Causes

Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease. This means that the immune system mistakenly attacks parts of the body as if they were foreign. In Sjögren's syndrome, it attacks the glands that produce tears and saliva. This causes a reduction in the amount of saliva and tears produced, leading to dryness of the mouth and eyes.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome is based on the presence of a dry mouth and eyes, often along with being tired and having aching muscles and joints. Blood tests can also be done to look for markers of the condition, such as certain antibodies.

Treatment

While there is no cure for Sjögren's syndrome, treatments can help manage symptoms. These may include artificial tears, medications to increase saliva production, and medications to suppress the immune system.

Epidemiology

Sjögren's syndrome affects 1-2% of the population, primarily women over 40 years of age. It is one of the most common autoimmune diseases.

See also

• Autoimmune disease
• Dry mouth
• Dry eyes

References

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