Underweight

Underweight is a term used to describe a human body weight that is considered to be below a healthy level. This condition can be caused by a variety of factors, including malnutrition, genetic factors, or illness. Being underweight can lead to a variety of health problems, including weakened immune system, developmental problems, osteoporosis, and an increased risk of surgical complications.

Causes

The most common cause of being underweight is not consuming enough food, or malnutrition. This can be due to a lack of access to food, or it can be a symptom of a mental health disorder like anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa. Other causes can include diseases that affect the body's ability to absorb nutrients, such as celiac disease or Crohn's disease, or conditions that increase the body's energy needs, such as cancer or hyperthyroidism.

Health Risks

Being underweight can lead to a variety of health problems. These can include a weakened immune system, which can make a person more susceptible to infections; developmental problems, especially in children and teenagers; and an increased risk of osteoporosis, a condition that weakens the bones and makes them more likely to break. Being underweight can also increase the risk of surgical complications, as the body may have a harder time healing and fighting off infection.

Treatment

Treatment for being underweight typically involves addressing the underlying cause and helping the person to gain weight in a healthy way. This can involve dietary changes, such as increasing calorie intake and focusing on nutrient-rich foods, and in some cases, medical treatment for underlying conditions. In cases where being underweight is caused by a mental health disorder, treatment may also involve therapy or medication.

See Also

• Body mass index
• Eating disorders
• Malnutrition
• Osteoporosis

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