Spearmint

Spearmint or Mentha spicata is a species of mint native to Europe and Asia. It is used widely in food and medicine due to its aromatic, sweet flavor.

Description

Spearmint grows up to 30–100 cm tall, with variably hairless to hairy stems and foliage, and a wide-spreading fleshy underground rhizome. The leaves are 5–9 cm long and 1.5–3 cm broad, with a serrated margin. The stem is square-shaped, a trait common to members of the mint family. The flowers are produced in slender spikes, each flower pink or white, 2.5–3 mm long, and broad.

Cultivation

Spearmint grows well in nearly all temperate climates. Gardeners often grow it in pots or planters due to its invasive, spreading rhizomes. The plant prefers partial shade, but can flourish in full sun to mostly shade. Spearmint is best suited to loamy soils with abundant organic material.

Uses

Spearmint leaves can be used fresh, dried, or frozen. They can also be preserved in salt, sugar, sugar syrup, alcohol, or oil. The leaves lose their aromatic appeal after the plant flowers. It can be dried and used for flavoring in baked goods.

Medicinal Uses

Spearmint has been used for its medicinal properties for centuries. It is often used in traditional medicine for minor ailments such as fevers and digestive disorders. The essential oil has antifungal properties, and spearmint extract is used in toothpaste and mouthwash to prevent gum disease.

See Also

• Mint
• Peppermint
• Herbal Medicine

References

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