Tetracaine

Tetracaine (also known as amethocaine) is a potent local anesthetic of the ester group. It is mainly used topically in ophthalmology and as an antipruritic, and it has been used in spinal anesthesia.

Pharmacology

Tetracaine is a local anesthetic that acts by inhibiting the influx of sodium ions into nerve cells, thereby preventing the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses. This results in a loss of sensation.

Medical uses

Tetracaine is used in different concentrations for different purposes. In ophthalmology, it is often used in 0.5% concentration for procedures such as cataract surgery. It is also used as an antipruritic, especially in the treatment of eczema and other skin conditions.

Side effects

The most common side effects of tetracaine are minor and include redness, swelling, and itching at the application site. More serious side effects can occur if the drug is absorbed into the bloodstream, including slow or irregular heartbeat, seizures, and difficulty breathing.

History

Tetracaine was first synthesized in Germany in 1928 and was introduced into medical use in the United States in the 1940s.

See also

• Local anesthetic
• Ester
• Ophthalmology
• Antipruritic
• Spinal anesthesia

References

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