Pterygium

Pterygium is a benign growth of the conjunctiva or mucous membrane that covers the white part of the eye over the cornea. It is often associated with and stimulated by ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, such as sunlight, making it a common condition in people who live in sunny climates.

Causes

The exact cause of pterygium is not known, but it is associated with excessive exposure to wind, sunlight, or sand. Therefore, it is more likely to occur in populations that live near the equator. It is also more common in people who work outside and are exposed to the sun and wind.

Symptoms

In many cases, pterygia cause no symptoms. However, when they do become symptomatic, they can cause eye irritation, redness, and blurred vision. In severe cases, they can cause significant vision loss.

Treatment

Treatment for pterygium depends on the severity of the symptoms. If the pterygium is small and causes no symptoms, no treatment is needed. However, if the pterygium causes persistent discomfort or interferes with vision, it may need to be surgically removed.

Prevention

Prevention of pterygium primarily involves protection of the eyes from damaging environmental conditions, especially UV light. This can be achieved by wearing sunglasses with UV protection, using a wide-brimmed hat, and using artificial tears in dry conditions.

See also

• Pinguecula
• Conjunctivitis
• Corneal ulcer

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