Neurilemma

Neurilemma

The Neurilemma also known as the neuron sheath or Schwann cell membrane is the outermost layer of nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system. It is formed by Schwann cells and plays a crucial role in the regeneration of damaged nerve fibers.

Structure

The neurilemma is composed of Schwann cells, which wrap around the axon of the nerve fiber. Each Schwann cell forms a single segment of the neurilemma, and multiple Schwann cells are aligned along the length of the axon to form the complete neurilemma.

Function

The primary function of the neurilemma is to support nerve fiber regeneration. When a nerve fiber is damaged, the neurilemma helps to guide the growth of new axons, allowing the nerve to regain its function. This is particularly important in the peripheral nervous system, where nerve damage is more common and the need for regeneration is greater.

Clinical significance

Damage to the neurilemma can lead to a variety of neurological disorders, including peripheral neuropathy and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. In addition, certain types of cancer, such as neurofibromatosis, can cause tumors to form on the neurilemma.

See also

• Myelin sheath
• Nerve regeneration
• Schwann cell

References

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