Phosphine

Phosphine (also known as phosphane) is a colorless, flammable, and toxic gas that is composed of one phosphorus atom and three hydrogen atoms. It is chemically represented as PH3. Phosphine is used in a variety of industrial applications, including as a reducing agent, a fumigant, and in the production of semiconductors.

Chemical Properties

Phosphine is a polar molecule with a dipole moment of 0.58 D. It has a boiling point of -87.7 degrees Celsius and a melting point of -133.2 degrees Celsius. Phosphine is soluble in water and can react with oxygen to form phosphorus pentoxide and water.

Production

Phosphine can be produced in a variety of ways, including by the reaction of white phosphorus with alkali or by the reaction of calcium phosphide with water or dilute acids.

Uses

Phosphine is used in a variety of industrial applications. It is used as a reducing agent in the production of semiconductors, as a fumigant in stored grain, and in the production of flame retardants.

Safety

Phosphine is a highly toxic gas. Exposure to phosphine can cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and difficulty breathing. In severe cases, exposure can lead to pulmonary edema, seizures, and death.

See Also

• Phosphorus
• Hydrogen
• Chemical compound
• Toxicity

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