Gentianaceae

Gentianaceae is a family of flowering plants of 87 genera and about 1600 species. The family is characterized by opposite leaves that are without stipules, and solitary or clustered flowers, each with parts in a series of 4 or 5. The flowers are bisexual and have a radial symmetry. The seeds are extremely small.

Taxonomy

The family Gentianaceae is divided into several tribes, including the Chironieae, Exaceae, Gentianeae, Helieae, Potalieae, and Saccifolieae. The largest genera are Gentiana (400 species), Exacum (260 species), Swertia (200 species), and Sebaea (150 species).

Distribution and habitat

Members of the Gentianaceae family are distributed worldwide, but most species are found in the temperate and alpine regions of the Northern Hemisphere. They are typically found in a variety of habitats, including forests, grasslands, and wetlands.

Uses

Many species of Gentianaceae are used in traditional medicine, particularly in the treatment of digestive disorders. The roots of some species are used to make a bitter tonic, while others are used in the production of gentian violet, a dye and antiseptic.

Conservation

Several species of Gentianaceae are threatened by habitat loss and overharvesting. Conservation efforts are underway to protect these species and their habitats.

See also

• List of Gentianaceae genera
• Gentianales

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