Mercury(II) chloride

Mercury(II) chloride or mercuric chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula HgCl2. It is a white crystalline solid and a powerful corrosive that was once used in medicine. It is also known as corrosive sublimate. It has been used in traditional medicine as a diuretic, topical disinfectant, and laxative. However, it is a toxic compound that can cause serious health problems if ingested or absorbed through the skin.

Chemical Properties

Mercury(II) chloride is a white crystalline solid at room temperature. It is soluble in water, ethanol, and ether. It has a high melting point of 277 degrees Celsius and a boiling point of 304 degrees Celsius. It is a powerful oxidizing agent and can react with many organic compounds.

Uses

Historically, mercury(II) chloride was used in medicine for its disinfectant and preservative properties. It was also used in photography, in the manufacture of other chemicals, and as a wood preservative. However, due to its toxicity, the use of mercury(II) chloride has been largely discontinued.

Health Effects

Exposure to mercury(II) chloride can cause serious health problems. It is a potent neurotoxin and can cause damage to the nervous system. Symptoms of mercury poisoning include tremors, insomnia, memory loss, neuromuscular effects, headaches, and cognitive and motor dysfunction. In severe cases, it can cause kidney damage and death.

Safety

Due to its toxicity, mercury(II) chloride should be handled with care. It should be stored in a cool, dry place away from heat and open flame. It should not be ingested or come into contact with the skin or eyes. If exposure occurs, seek medical attention immediately.

See Also

• Mercury poisoning
• Inorganic compounds
• Toxicology

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