Internal hernia

Internal Hernia is a type of hernia where the viscera protrudes through a normal or abnormal aperture within the confines of the abdominal cavity. It is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction.

Causes

Internal hernias can be congenital or acquired. Congenital internal hernias occur due to developmental anomalies, while acquired internal hernias can occur due to previous surgery, trauma, or inflammation.

Types

There are several types of internal hernias, including:

• Paraduodenal hernia: This is the most common type of internal hernia.
• Foramen of Winslow hernia: This is a hernia through the foramen of Winslow into the lesser sac.
• Transmesenteric hernia: This is a hernia through a defect in the mesentery.
• Pericecal hernia: This is a hernia in the pericecal fossae.
• Intersigmoid hernia: This is a hernia into the intersigmoid fossa.
• Supravesical hernia: This is a hernia into the supravesical fossa.

Symptoms

The symptoms of an internal hernia can vary depending on the type and location of the hernia. They can include:

• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Abdominal distension
• Obstipation

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of an internal hernia is often challenging due to its nonspecific clinical presentation. It is often made by computed tomography (CT) scan, which can show the herniated bowel and the site of obstruction.

Treatment

The treatment of an internal hernia is surgical. The surgery involves reducing the hernia and closing the defect. In some cases, if the bowel is strangulated and necrotic, a bowel resection may be necessary.

See Also

• Hernia
• Abdominal pain
• Intestinal obstruction

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