Illudin

Illudin is a type of natural product that is derived from the Jack O'Lantern mushroom (Omphalotus olearius). It is known for its cytotoxic properties, which have led to its use in the development of anticancer drugs.

History

Illudin was first isolated from the Jack O'Lantern mushroom in the 1950s. Since then, it has been the subject of extensive research due to its potential use in cancer treatment.

Structure and Properties

Illudin is a small molecule with a unique structure that includes a cyclopropane ring. This structure is responsible for its cytotoxic properties. Illudin is highly reactive, which allows it to bind to DNA and cause damage.

Use in Cancer Treatment

Illudin's cytotoxic properties have led to its use in the development of anticancer drugs. One such drug is Irofulven, which is a semi-synthetic derivative of Illudin. Irofulven has been used in clinical trials for the treatment of various types of cancer, including prostate cancer and ovarian cancer.

Toxicity

While Illudin has potential therapeutic uses, it is also highly toxic. Ingestion of the Jack O'Lantern mushroom can lead to severe gastrointestinal symptoms, including vomiting and diarrhea. In addition, exposure to Illudin can cause DNA damage, which can lead to cell death.

See Also

• Natural product
• Cytotoxicity
• Anticancer drug
• Irofulven
• DNA damage

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