Platysma muscle

Platysma Muscle

The Platysma is a superficial muscle that overlaps the sternocleidomastoid in the neck. It is a broad sheet arising from the fascia covering the upper parts of the pectoralis major and deltoid; its fibers cross the clavicle, and proceed obliquely upward and medially along the side of the neck.

Etymology

The term "platysma" is derived from the Greek word "platys", meaning "broad". This is in reference to the broad sheet-like structure of the muscle.

Anatomy

The platysma muscle is a thin, superficial muscle located in the neck, just below the skin. It extends from the upper parts of the pectoralis major and deltoid muscles at the front of the chest, and stretches up to the mandible (lower jawbone) in the face. The muscle fibers run upward and medially, crossing the clavicle (collarbone) and continuing along the side of the neck.

Function

The platysma muscle plays a role in facial expression. It is responsible for lowering the lower lip and corner of the mouth in expressions of sadness and fright. It also aids in the depression of the mandible (lower jawbone), which opens the mouth.

Clinical Significance

Damage to the platysma muscle can result in difficulty with facial expressions and mouth movements. This can occur due to trauma, surgery, or neurological conditions. Treatment typically involves physical therapy and, in some cases, surgery.

Related Terms

• Sternocleidomastoid: This is another muscle in the neck that the platysma muscle overlaps.
• Pectoralis major: This is one of the muscles from which the platysma muscle arises.
• Deltoid: This is another muscle from which the platysma muscle arises.

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