Cushing ulcer

Cushing Ulcer is a type of peptic ulcer, a lesion in the stomach or duodenum, named after Harvey Cushing, an American neurosurgeon who first described it. Cushing ulcers are associated with raised intracranial pressure, particularly in patients with severe brain injury or those who have undergone brain surgery.

Causes

Cushing ulcers are caused by an increase in the production of gastric acid due to an increase in intracranial pressure. This is often the result of a brain injury or brain surgery. The increased pressure on the brain can lead to a disruption in the normal functioning of the vagus nerve, which controls the production of gastric acid in the stomach.

Symptoms

The symptoms of a Cushing ulcer can vary depending on the severity of the ulcer. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and bleeding. In severe cases, a Cushing ulcer can lead to perforation of the stomach or duodenum, which can cause severe abdominal pain and can be a life-threatening condition.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of a Cushing ulcer is typically made through an endoscopy, a procedure in which a flexible tube with a camera is inserted through the mouth and into the stomach and duodenum. This allows the doctor to visualize the ulcer and take a biopsy if necessary. Other diagnostic tests may include a barium swallow or a CT scan.

Treatment

The treatment of a Cushing ulcer typically involves medications to reduce the production of gastric acid, such as proton pump inhibitors or H2 blockers. In severe cases, surgery may be required to repair a perforated ulcer.

Prevention

Prevention of Cushing ulcers involves managing the underlying cause of the increased intracranial pressure. This may involve medications to reduce swelling in the brain, surgery to relieve pressure, or other treatments as appropriate.

See also

• Peptic ulcer
• Gastric acid
• Brain injury
• Endoscopy

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