Enophthalmos

Enophthalmos is a medical condition characterized by the posterior displacement of the eye within the orbit. This condition can be caused by various factors, including trauma, aging, and certain diseases. It is often associated with orbital floor fractures and Horner's syndrome.

Causes

Enophthalmos can be caused by a variety of factors. These include:

• Orbital floor fractures: These fractures can cause the eye to sink back into the orbit, leading to enophthalmos.
• Horner's syndrome: This condition can cause enophthalmos due to the loss of sympathetic innervation to the orbit.
• Aging: As people age, the fat in their orbits can atrophy, causing the eyes to sink back into the sockets.
• Diseases: Certain diseases, such as scleroderma, can cause enophthalmos.

Symptoms

The main symptom of enophthalmos is the appearance of a sunken eye. Other symptoms can include:

• Double vision (diplopia)
• Facial asymmetry
• Decreased vision

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of enophthalmos is typically made through a physical examination and imaging studies. The doctor may use a Hertel exophthalmometer to measure the degree of enophthalmos. Imaging studies, such as a CT scan, can help to identify the underlying cause of the condition.

Treatment

The treatment for enophthalmos depends on the underlying cause. In some cases, no treatment may be necessary. In other cases, treatment may involve surgery to repair an orbital floor fracture or to replace lost orbital fat.

See also

• Exophthalmos
• Orbital floor fracture
• Horner's syndrome

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