Neomycin/polymyxin B/hydrocortisone

Combination antibiotic and steroid medication

Neomycin/polymyxin B/hydrocortisone is a combination medication used primarily in the treatment of ear infections, specifically otitis externa, also known as "swimmer's ear." This medication combines two antibiotics, neomycin and polymyxin B, with a corticosteroid, hydrocortisone, to provide both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects.

Medical uses

Neomycin/polymyxin B/hydrocortisone is indicated for the treatment of external ear infections caused by susceptible bacteria. The combination of antibiotics works to eliminate the bacteria, while hydrocortisone helps to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms such as itching and swelling.

Administration

The medication is typically administered as ear drops. The standard dosage involves instilling a few drops into the affected ear(s) several times a day, as directed by a healthcare provider. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage and duration of treatment to ensure the infection is fully resolved.

Ear drops bottle

Mechanism of action

The effectiveness of neomycin/polymyxin B/hydrocortisone is due to the combined actions of its components:

• Neomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, leading to the death of susceptible bacteria.
• Polymyxin B is a polypeptide antibiotic that disrupts the bacterial cell membrane, causing cell death.
• Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid that reduces inflammation by inhibiting the release of substances in the body that cause inflammation.

Side effects

Common side effects of neomycin/polymyxin B/hydrocortisone include local irritation, itching, and redness at the site of application. Rarely, more serious side effects such as allergic reactions or ototoxicity (hearing damage) may occur, particularly with prolonged use.

Precautions

Before using this medication, it is important to inform the healthcare provider of any known allergies, especially to antibiotics or corticosteroids. It should not be used in individuals with a perforated eardrum or viral infections of the ear canal, such as herpes simplex.

Related pages

• Otitis externa
• Antibiotic
• Corticosteroid