2-Chloroethanol

2-Chloroethanol

2D structure of 2-Chloroethanol

2-Chloroethanol is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₂H₅ClO. It is a colorless liquid that is miscible with water and most organic solvents. It is used as a solvent and as an intermediate in the production of various chemicals.

Structure and Properties

2-Chloroethanol is a chloroalcohol, which means it contains both a chloro group and a hydroxyl group. The presence of these functional groups makes it a versatile compound in organic synthesis. The molecule consists of a two-carbon chain with a chlorine atom attached to the first carbon and a hydroxyl group attached to the second carbon.

Synthesis

2-Chloroethanol can be synthesized through several methods. One common method involves the reaction of ethylene with hypochlorous acid:

Synthesis of 2-Chloroethanol from ethylene and hypochlorous acid

Another method involves the hydrolysis of ethylene oxide in the presence of hydrochloric acid:

Hydrolysis of ethylene oxide to form 2-Chloroethanol

Applications

2-Chloroethanol is used as an intermediate in the production of various chemicals, including ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol, and ethylene chlorohydrin. It is also used as a solvent in the manufacture of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides.

Safety and Handling

2-Chloroethanol is a toxic compound and should be handled with care. It can be absorbed through the skin and is harmful if inhaled or ingested. Proper safety equipment, such as gloves and goggles, should be used when handling this chemical.

Related pages

• Ethylene oxide
• Ethylene glycol
• Chloroalcohol