Gamma delta T cell

Gamma Delta T Cells

File:Gamma delta T cell Mouse.C57BL6.Vgamma.locus.jpg

Diagram of the Vgamma locus in C57BL/6 mice

Gamma delta T cells (__ T cells) are a unique subset of T cells that possess a distinct T-cell receptor (TCR) on their surface, composed of one gamma (_) chain and one delta (_) chain. Unlike the more common alpha beta T cells, which express TCRs composed of alpha (_) and beta (_) chains, gamma delta T cells are less abundant in the peripheral blood but are prevalent in certain tissues.

Structure and Function

Gamma delta T cells are characterized by their expression of the __ TCR, which allows them to recognize a wide variety of antigens, including non-peptide antigens, without the need for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) presentation. This ability makes them an important component of the innate immune system.

TCR Diversity

The diversity of the __ TCR is generated through somatic recombination of the V (variable), D (diversity), and J (joining) gene segments. The diagram of the Vgamma locus in C57BL/6 mice illustrates the arrangement of these gene segments, which contribute to the diversity of the TCR repertoire.

Role in Immunity

Gamma delta T cells play a crucial role in the early response to infections and are involved in the recognition of tumor cells. They can produce a variety of cytokines, such as interferon-gamma (IFN-_) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-_), which help in modulating the immune response.

Tissue Distribution

Gamma delta T cells are found in various tissues, including the epidermis, intestine, and lungs. In these locations, they contribute to the maintenance of tissue integrity and the response to local infections.

Clinical Significance

Due to their unique properties, gamma delta T cells are being studied for their potential use in immunotherapy for cancer and infectious diseases. Their ability to recognize and kill tumor cells without MHC restriction makes them attractive candidates for therapeutic applications.

Related Pages

• T cell receptor
• Innate immune system
• Adaptive immune system
• Immunotherapy