Trichoscopy

A non-invasive diagnostic method for hair and scalp disorders

Trichoscopy image showing features of alopecia areata.

Trichoscopy is a non-invasive diagnostic technique used in dermatology to examine the hair and scalp. It is a form of dermoscopy that allows for the visualization of hair and scalp structures at high magnification. This method is particularly useful for diagnosing various hair and scalp disorders, including alopecia areata, androgenetic alopecia, and psoriasis.

History

The development of trichoscopy as a diagnostic tool began in the early 21st century, building on the principles of dermoscopy. Initially used for the evaluation of skin cancer, dermoscopy was adapted for hair and scalp examination, leading to the establishment of trichoscopy as a specialized field.

Technique

Trichoscopy involves the use of a dermoscope, which is a handheld device equipped with a magnifying lens and a light source. The device is placed directly on the scalp or hair, allowing the clinician to observe the structures in detail. Images can be captured for further analysis and comparison over time.

Applications

Trichoscopy is used to diagnose a variety of hair and scalp conditions:

• Alopecia areata: Characterized by the presence of exclamation mark hairs, yellow dots, and black dots.
• Androgenetic alopecia: Identified by hair shaft diameter diversity and perifollicular discoloration.
• Psoriasis: Exhibits red dots and globules, twisted red loops, and white scales.

Advantages

The primary advantage of trichoscopy is its non-invasive nature, which allows for repeated examinations without discomfort to the patient. It provides a detailed view of the hair and scalp, aiding in accurate diagnosis and monitoring of treatment progress.

Limitations

While trichoscopy is a valuable tool, it requires expertise to interpret the findings accurately. It may not replace the need for a biopsy in certain cases where histopathological examination is necessary.

Related pages

• Dermoscopy
• Alopecia areata
• Androgenetic alopecia
• Psoriasis

References

• Rudnicka, L., Olszewska, M., & Rakowska, A. (2011). Trichoscopy: A new method for diagnosing hair loss. Journal of Dermatological Case Reports, 5(4), 82-88.
• Rakowska, A., Slowinska, M., Kowalska-Oledzka, E., & Olszewska, M. (2009). Dermoscopy in female androgenic alopecia: Method standardization and diagnostic criteria. International Journal of Trichology, 1(2), 123-130.