Irofulven

Irofulven (also known as 6-hydroxymethylacylfulvene) is a semisynthetic derivative of illudin S, a natural product from the Jack O'Lantern mushroom (Omphalotus illudens). It is an alkylating agent used in cancer treatment.

History

Irofulven was developed by the pharmaceutical company MGI Pharma, which was later acquired by Eisai. The drug was derived from a natural product, illudin S, which is found in the Jack O'Lantern mushroom.

Mechanism of action

Irofulven induces apoptosis in cancer cells by causing DNA damage. It forms covalent adducts with DNA, which leads to the formation of DNA double-strand breaks. This triggers the cell cycle checkpoint machinery and leads to cell death.

Clinical trials

Irofulven has been tested in several clinical trials for various types of cancer, including prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, and pancreatic cancer. However, it has not yet been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for any indication.

Side effects

The most common side effects of irofulven are nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and anemia. Other side effects can include neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and alopecia.

See also

• List of investigational antineoplastic drugs
• Alkylating antineoplastic agent

References

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