Dendrobium

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Dendrobium is a diverse genus of orchids in the family Orchidaceae. It was established by Olof Swartz in 1799 and is one of the largest genera of orchids, with over 1,500 species. These species are found in diverse habitats throughout much of Asia, including the Himalayas, China, Japan, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific Islands.

Description

Dendrobium species are highly variable in size and form. They can be epiphytic, lithophytic, or terrestrial. The stems, known as pseudobulbs, can be long and cane-like or short and bulbous. Leaves are generally arranged in two ranks along the pseudobulbs and can be deciduous or evergreen, depending on the species.

The flowers of Dendrobium are equally diverse, ranging from small and inconspicuous to large and showy. They are often fragrant and come in a wide array of colors. The flowers are typically arranged in racemes or panicles and can last from a few days to several weeks.

Habitat and Distribution

Dendrobium orchids are found in a wide range of habitats, from lowland tropical forests to high-altitude montane regions. They are particularly abundant in the Himalayas and Southeast Asia. Some species are adapted to dry, deciduous forests, while others thrive in humid, evergreen forests.

Cultivation

Dendrobium orchids are popular in horticulture due to their attractive flowers and ease of cultivation. They require well-draining media, moderate humidity, and bright, indirect light. Watering needs vary depending on the species and the season, with many species requiring a dry rest period to induce flowering.

Uses

In addition to their ornamental value, some Dendrobium species have been used in traditional medicine. For example, Dendrobium nobile is used in traditional Chinese medicine for its purported health benefits, including boosting the immune system and improving digestion.

Conservation

Many Dendrobium species are threatened by habitat loss and over-collection. Conservation efforts include habitat protection and cultivation in botanical gardens and nurseries.

Also see

• Orchidaceae
• Epiphyte
• Pseudobulb
• Orchid cultivation