Fish farming

Fish farming or pisciculture involves raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures such as fish ponds, usually for food. It is the principal form of aquaculture, while other methods may fall under mariculture. A facility that releases juvenile fish into the wild for recreational fishing or to supplement a species' natural numbers is generally referred to as a fish hatchery. Worldwide, the most important fish species produced in fish farming are carp, tilapia, salmon, and catfish.

History

While the origins of fish farming can be traced back to China over 2000 years ago, it has become a significant global industry in the last century. The United Nations reports that more than 50% of seafood now comes from fish farming, with China being the largest producer.

Methods

Fish farming can take place in either freshwater or saltwater environments, known as freshwater fish farming and marine fish farming respectively. The method of farming will depend on the species of fish being farmed, the resources available, and the environmental conditions.

Benefits and Challenges

Fish farming has the potential to provide a sustainable source of protein for the growing global population. However, it also presents several challenges, including environmental concerns, such as water pollution and the spread of disease, and social issues, such as the displacement of traditional fishing communities.

See also

• Aquaponics
• Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture
• Mariculture
• Fisheries science
• Fisheries management

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