Overdenture

An overview of overdenture use in dentistry

An example of an implant-supported overdenture model.

An overdenture is a type of denture that is supported by and attached to either the alveolar ridge or dental implants. Overdentures are used to improve the stability and retention of dentures, providing better function and comfort for patients who have lost their natural teeth.

Types of Overdentures

Overdentures can be classified based on their support system:

Implant-Supported Overdentures

Implant-supported overdentures are anchored by dental implants that are surgically placed into the jawbone. These implants provide a stable foundation for the overdenture, improving its retention and function. Implant-supported overdentures can be either fixed or removable, depending on the patient's needs and preferences.

Tooth-Supported Overdentures

Tooth-supported overdentures use the remaining natural teeth as support. These teeth are often modified with attachments or copings to enhance the retention of the overdenture. This type of overdenture is beneficial for patients who still have some healthy teeth remaining.

Benefits of Overdentures

Overdentures offer several advantages over traditional dentures:

• Improved Stability and Retention: The use of implants or natural teeth provides a more secure fit, reducing the risk of the denture slipping or moving during use.
• Preservation of Jawbone: Implants help stimulate the jawbone, preventing bone resorption that typically occurs after tooth loss.
• Enhanced Comfort and Function: Patients often experience better chewing efficiency and comfort with overdentures compared to conventional dentures.
• Aesthetic Improvements: Overdentures can be designed to look more natural, improving the patient's appearance and confidence.

Procedure for Overdenture Placement

The process of obtaining an overdenture involves several steps:

1. Initial Consultation and Assessment: The dentist evaluates the patient's oral health, bone structure, and remaining teeth to determine the suitability of an overdenture. 2. Implant Placement (if applicable): For implant-supported overdentures, dental implants are surgically placed into the jawbone. Healing time is required for osseointegration. 3. Impression Taking: Impressions of the mouth are taken to create a custom-fitted overdenture. 4. Fitting and Adjustment: The overdenture is fitted and adjusted to ensure comfort and proper function. 5. Follow-Up Care: Regular check-ups are necessary to monitor the health of the implants or supporting teeth and to make any necessary adjustments to the overdenture.

Challenges and Considerations

While overdentures offer many benefits, there are also challenges and considerations:

• Cost: Implant-supported overdentures can be more expensive than traditional dentures due to the cost of implants and surgical procedures.
• Surgical Risks: Implant placement involves surgery, which carries risks such as infection or implant failure.
• Maintenance: Overdentures require regular maintenance and care to ensure their longevity and function.

Also see

• Denture
• Dental implant
• Prosthodontics
• Oral and maxillofacial surgery