Incisor

Incisor

The incisor is one of the four types of teeth in mammals. Humans have eight incisors, four in the upper jaw and four in the lower. They are the central and lateral incisors. The primary function of incisors is to cut food during the initial stage of digestion.

Anatomy

Incisors are the most anterior and visible teeth in the human mouth. They have a flat, thin edge designed for shearing or cutting. In humans, the upper incisors are usually larger and more centrally placed than the lower, and usually the central incisors are larger than the laterals.

Function

The primary function of the incisors is to cut food, and in herbivores to clip, crop, or pluck grass and other vegetation. In carnivores, the incisors are small, pointed and used for gripping prey.

Development

In humans, the permanent incisors usually erupt between the ages of six and eight. With the exception of the third molars, the incisors are the first permanent teeth to erupt.

Clinical significance

Incisors are commonly affected by dental caries and periodontal disease. They are also the most likely teeth to suffer trauma, due to their position in the mouth.

See also

• Canine tooth
• Molar
• Premolar
• Dental anatomy
• Tooth development

References

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