Infraorbital plexus

Infraorbital Plexus

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Diagram of the infraorbital plexus

The infraorbital plexus is a network of nerves located in the face, specifically beneath the orbit of the eye. This plexus is primarily involved in the sensory innervation of the midfacial region, including the lower eyelid, side of the nose, upper lip, and cheek.

Anatomy

The infraorbital plexus is formed by the branches of the infraorbital nerve, which is a continuation of the maxillary nerve (V2), the second division of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V). The infraorbital nerve exits the skull through the infraorbital foramen, located just below the orbit.

Branches

The infraorbital nerve gives rise to several branches as it forms the infraorbital plexus:

• Palpebral branches: These supply the skin and conjunctiva of the lower eyelid.
• Nasal branches: These innervate the side of the nose.
• Superior labial branches: These provide sensation to the upper lip.

Function

The primary function of the infraorbital plexus is to provide sensory innervation to the midfacial region. It is responsible for transmitting sensory information such as touch, pain, and temperature from the skin and mucous membranes of the face to the brain.

Clinical Significance

Damage or compression of the infraorbital plexus can lead to sensory disturbances in its area of distribution. This can occur due to facial trauma, surgical procedures, or conditions such as trigeminal neuralgia. Symptoms may include numbness, tingling, or pain in the affected areas.

Related Pages

• Trigeminal nerve
• Maxillary nerve
• Facial nerve
• Sensory innervation of the face