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| {{Navbox
| | <includeonly> |
| | name = Cell wall disruptive antibiotics
| | <table class="navbox" style="width:100%; background:#f9f9f9; border:1px solid #aaa; font-size:88%; text-align:center; margin:auto;"> |
| | title = [[Antibiotics|Antibacterials]] active on the [[cell wall]] and [[cell envelope antibiotic|envelope]] ([[ATC code J01#J01C|J01C]]-[[ATC code J01#J01D|J01D]])
| | <tr> |
| | state = {{{state<includeonly>|autocollapse</includeonly>}}}
| | <th style="background:#cfc; font-size:120%; padding:0.5em;">[[Antibiotics|Antibacterials]] active on the [[cell wall]] and [[cell envelope antibiotic|envelope]] ([[ATC code J01#J01C|J01C]]-[[ATC code J01#J01D|J01D]])</th> |
| | listclass = hlist
| | </tr> |
|
| |
|
| | group1 = [[Beta-lactam antibiotics|β-lactams]]<br /><small>{{nobold|(inhibit synthesis<br />of peptidoglycan<br />layer of bacterial<br />cell wall by binding<br />to and inhibiting<br />[[Penicillin-binding proteins|PBPs]], a group of<br />[[DD-Transpeptidase|<small>D</small>-alanyl-<small>D</small>-alanine<br />transpeptidases]])}}</small>
| | <tr> |
| | list1 = {{Navbox|child
| | <td style="padding:0.5em; text-align:left;"> |
| | <table style="width:100%; margin:auto; border-spacing:0;"> |
|
| |
|
| | group1 = [[Penicillin]]s ([[Penam]]s)
| | <!-- Group 1 --> |
| | list1 = {{Navbox|child
| | <tr> |
| | <th style="text-align:right; padding:0.5em; vertical-align:top;"> |
| | [[Beta-lactam antibiotics|β-lactams]]<br /> |
| | <small>(inhibit synthesis of peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell wall by binding to and inhibiting [[Penicillin-binding proteins|PBPs]], a group of [[DD-Transpeptidase|D-alanyl-D-alanine transpeptidases]])</small> |
| | </th> |
| | <td style="padding:0.5em;"> |
|
| |
|
| | group1 = [[List of β-lactam antibiotics#Narrow-spectrum|Narrow<br/>spectrum]]
| | '''Penicillins (Penams)'''<br /> |
| | list1 = {{Navbox|child
| | <b>Narrow spectrum</b> - |
| | [[Benzylpenicillin|Benzylpenicillin (G)]] - [[Benzathine benzylpenicillin]] - [[Procaine benzylpenicillin]] - [[Phenoxymethylpenicillin|Phenoxymethylpenicillin (V)]] - [[Propicillin]] - [[Pheneticillin]] - [[Azidocillin]] - [[Clometocillin]] - [[Penamecillin]]<br /> |
|
| |
|
| | group1 = [[List of β-lactam antibiotics#Narrow-spectrum|β-lactamase sensitive]]<br/>(1st generation)
| | <b>β-lactamase resistant</b> - |
| | list1 =
| | [[Cloxacillin]] - [[Dicloxacillin]] - [[Flucloxacillin]] - [[Oxacillin]] - [[Nafcillin]] - [[Methicillin]]<br /> |
| * [[Benzylpenicillin|Benzylpenicillin (G)]]<sup>#</sup>
| |
| * [[Benzathine benzylpenicillin]]<sup>#</sup>
| |
| * [[Procaine benzylpenicillin]]<sup>#</sup>
| |
| * [[Phenoxymethylpenicillin|Phenoxymethylpenicillin (V)]]<sup>#</sup>
| |
| * [[Propicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Pheneticillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Azidocillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Clometocillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Penamecillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
|
| |
|
| | group2 = [[List of β-lactam antibiotics#β-lactamase-resistant|β-lactamase resistant]]<br/>(2nd generation)
| | <b>Extended spectrum (Aminopenicillins)</b> - |
| | list2 =
| | [[Amoxicillin]] - [[Ampicillin]] - [[Pivampicillin]] - [[Hetacillin]] - [[Bacampicillin]] - [[Lenampicillin]] - [[Metampicillin]] - [[Talampicillin]] - [[Epicillin]]<br /> |
| * [[Cloxacillin]]<sup>#</sup> ([[Dicloxacillin]]
| |
| * [[Flucloxacillin]])
| |
| * [[Oxacillin]]
| |
| * [[Nafcillin]]
| |
| * [[Methicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
|
| |
|
| }}
| | <b>Carboxypenicillins</b> - |
| | [[Ticarcillin]] - [[Carbenicillin]] - [[Carindacillin]] - [[Temocillin]]<br /> |
|
| |
|
| | group2 = [[Extended-spectrum penicillin|Extended<br/>spectrum]]
| | <b>Ureidopenicillins</b> - |
| | list2 = {{Navbox|child
| | [[Piperacillin]] - [[Azlocillin]] - [[Mezlocillin]]<br /> |
|
| |
|
| | group1 = [[Aminopenicillin]]s (3rd generation)
| | <b>Other</b> - |
| | list1 =
| | [[Mecillinam]] - [[Pivmecillinam]] - [[Sulbenicillin]] |
| * [[Amoxicillin]]<sup>#</sup>
| |
| * [[Ampicillin]]<sup>#</sup> ([[Pivampicillin]]
| |
| * [[Hetacillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Bacampicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Lenampicillin]]
| |
| * [[Metampicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Talampicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>)
| |
| * [[Epicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
|
| |
|
| | group2 = [[Carboxypenicillin]]s (4th generation)
| | <br /><br /> |
| | list2 =
| |
| * [[Ticarcillin]]
| |
| * [[Carbenicillin]]<sup>‡</sup> / [[Carindacillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Temocillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
|
| |
|
| | group3 = [[Ureidopenicillin]]s (4th generation)
| | '''Carbapenems/Penems'''<br /> |
| | list3 =
| | [[Ertapenem]] - [[Doripenem]] - [[Imipenem]] - [[Meropenem]] - [[Biapenem]] - [[Panipenem]] - [[Faropenem]] - [[Ritipenem]] - [[Sulopenem]] |
| * [[Piperacillin]]
| |
| * [[Azlocillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Mezlocillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
|
| |
|
| | group4 = Other
| | <br /><br /> |
| | list4 =
| |
| * [[Mecillinam]] ([[Pivmecillinam]])
| |
| * [[Sulbenicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
|
| |
|
| }}
| | '''Cephalosporins/Cephamycins/Carbacephems'''<br /> |
| }}
| | <b>1st Gen</b> - |
| | [[Cefazolin]] - [[Cefalexin]] - [[Cefadroxil]] - [[Cefapirin]] - [[Cefazedone]] - [[Cefazaflur]] - [[Cefradine]] - [[Cefroxadine]] - [[Ceftezole]] - [[Cefaloglycin]] - [[Cefacetrile]] - [[Cefalonium]] - [[Cefaloridine]] - [[Cefalotin]] - [[Cefatrizine]]<br /> |
|
| |
|
| | group2 = [[Carbapenem]]s / [[Penem]]s
| | <b>2nd Gen</b> - |
| | list2 =
| | [[Cefaclor]] - [[Cefprozil]] - [[Cefuroxime]] - [[Cefuroxime axetil]] - [[Cefamandole]] - [[Cefonicid]] - [[Ceforanide]] - [[Cefuzonam]] - [[Cephamycin]] ([[Cefoxitin]] - [[Cefotetan]] - [[Cefminox]] - [[Cefbuperazone]] - [[Cefmetazole]]) - [[Loracarbef]]<br /> |
| *Carbapenems ([[Ertapenem]]
| |
| * [[Antipseudomonal]] ([[Doripenem]]
| |
| * [[Imipenem]]
| |
| * [[Meropenem]])
| |
| * [[Biapenem]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Panipenem]])
| |
| * Penems ([[Faropenem]]
| |
| * [[Ritipenem]]<sup>§</sup>
| |
| * [[Sulopenem]])
| |
|
| |
|
| | group3 = [[Cephem]]s<br/>[[Cephalosporin]]s<br/>[[Cephamycin]]s<br/>[[Carbacephem]]s
| | <b>3rd Gen</b> - |
| | list3 = {{Navbox|child
| | [[Cefixime]] - [[Ceftriaxone]] - [[Cefotaxime]] - [[Ceftazidime]] - [[Cefoperazone]] - [[Cefdinir]] - [[Cefcapene]] - [[Cefdaloxime]] - [[Ceftizoxime]] - [[Cefmenoxime]] - [[Cefpiramide]] - [[Cefpodoxime]] - [[Ceftibuten]] - [[Cefditoren]] - [[Cefotiam]] - [[Cefetamet]] - [[Cefodizime]] - [[Cefpimizole]] - [[Cefsulodin]] - [[Cefteram]] - [[Ceftiolene]] - [[Flomoxef]] - [[Latamoxef]]<br /> |
|
| |
|
| | group1 = [[Cephalosporin#First generation|1st generation]]
| | <b>4th Gen</b> - |
| | list1 =
| | [[Cefepime]] - [[Cefozopran]] - [[Cefpirome]] - [[Cefquinome]]<br /> |
| * [[Cefazolin]]<sup>#</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefalexin]] <sup>#</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefadroxil]]
| |
| * [[Cefapirin]]
| |
| * [[Cefazedone]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefazaflur]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefradine]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefroxadine]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Ceftezole]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefaloglycin]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefacetrile]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefalonium]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefaloridine]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefalotin]]
| |
| * [[Cefatrizine]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
|
| |
|
| | group2 = [[Cephalosporin#Second generation|2nd generation]]
| | <b>5th Gen</b> - |
| | list2 =
| | [[Ceftaroline fosamil]] - [[Ceftolozane]] - [[Ceftobiprole]]<br /> |
| * [[Cefaclor]]
| |
| * [[Cefprozil]]
| |
| * [[Cefuroxime]]
| |
| * [[Cefuroxime axetil]]
| |
| * [[Cefamandole]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefonicid]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Ceforanide]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefuzonam]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cephamycin]] ([[Cefoxitin]]
| |
| * [[Cefotetan]]
| |
| * [[Cefminox]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefbuperazone]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefmetazole]]<sup>‡</sup>)
| |
| * [[Carbacephem]] ([[Loracarbef]]<sup>‡</sup>)
| |
|
| |
|
| | group3 = [[Cephalosporin#Third generation|3rd generation]]
| | <b>Siderophore</b> - |
| | list3 =
| | [[Cefiderocol]]<br /> |
| * [[Cefixime]]<sup>#</sup>
| |
| * [[Ceftriaxone]]<sup>#</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefotaxime]]<sup>#</sup>
| |
| * Antipseudomonal ([[Ceftazidime]]<sup>#</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefoperazone]])
| |
| * [[Cefdinir]]
| |
| * [[Cefcapene]]
| |
| * [[Cefdaloxime]]
| |
| * [[Ceftizoxime]]
| |
| * [[Cefmenoxime]]
| |
| * [[Cefpiramide]]
| |
| * [[Cefpodoxime]]
| |
| * [[Ceftibuten]]
| |
| * [[Cefditoren]]
| |
| * [[Cefotiam]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefetamet]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefodizime]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefpimizole]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefsulodin]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefteram]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Ceftiolene]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Oxacephem]] ([[Flomoxef]]
| |
| * [[Latamoxef]]<sup>‡</sup>)
| |
|
| |
|
| | group4 = [[Cephalosporin#Fourth generation|4th generation]]
| | <b>Veterinary</b> - |
| | list4 =
| | [[Ceftiofur]] - [[Cefquinome]] - [[Cefovecin]] |
| * [[Cefepime]]
| |
| * [[Cefozopran]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Cefpirome]]
| |
| * [[Cefquinome]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
|
| |
|
| | group5 = [[Cephalosporin#Fifth generation|5th generation]]
| | <br /><br /> |
| | list5 =
| |
| * [[Ceftaroline fosamil]]
| |
| * [[Ceftolozane]]
| |
| * [[Ceftobiprole]]
| |
|
| |
|
| | group6 = [[Siderophore]]
| | '''Monobactams'''<br /> |
| | list6 =
| | [[Aztreonam]] - [[Tigemonam]] - [[Carumonam]] - [[Nocardicin A]] |
| * [[Cefiderocol]]<sup>#</sup>
| |
|
| |
|
| | group7 = [[Veterinary medicine|Veterinary]]
| | <br /><br /> |
| | list7 =
| |
| * [[Ceftiofur]]
| |
| * [[Cefquinome]]
| |
| * [[Cefovecin]]
| |
|
| |
|
| }}
| | '''β-lactamase inhibitors'''<br /> |
| | [[Sulbactam]] - [[Tazobactam]] - [[Clavulanic acid]] - [[Avibactam]] - [[Durlobactam]] - [[Relebactam]] - [[Vaborbactam]] |
|
| |
|
| | group4 = [[Monobactam]]s
| | <br /><br /> |
| | list4 =
| |
| * [[Aztreonam]]
| |
| * [[Tigemonam]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Carumonam]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
| * [[Nocardicin A]]<sup>‡</sup>
| |
|
| |
|
| | group5 = [[β-Lactamase inhibitor|β-lactamase inhibitors]]
| | '''Combinations'''<br /> |
| | list5 =
| | [[Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid]] - [[Ampicillin/flucloxacillin]] - [[Ampicillin/sulbactam]] ([[Sultamicillin]]) - [[Aztreonam/avibactam]] - [[Benzathine benzylpenicillin/procaine benzylpenicillin]] - [[Cefepime/enmetazobactam]] - [[Cefoperazone/sulbactam]] - [[Ceftazidime/avibactam]] - [[Ceftolozane/tazobactam]] - [[Imipenem/cilastatin]] - [[Imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam]] - [[Meropenem/vaborbactam]] - [[Panipenem/betamipron]] - [[Piperacillin/tazobactam]] - [[Sulbactam/durlobactam]] - [[Sulopenem/probenecid]] - [[Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid]] |
| * [[Penam]] ([[Sulbactam]]
| |
| * [[Tazobactam]])
| |
| * [[Clavam]] ([[Clavulanic acid]])
| |
| * non-β-lactam ([[Avibactam]]
| |
| * [[Durlobactam]]
| |
| * [[Relebactam]]
| |
| * [[Vaborbactam]])
| |
|
| |
|
| | group6 = Combinations
| | </td> |
| | list6 =
| | </tr> |
| * [[Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid]]<sup>#</sup>
| |
| * [[Ampicillin/flucloxacillin]]
| |
| * [[Ampicillin/sulbactam]] ([[Sultamicillin]])
| |
| * [[Aztreonam/avibactam]]
| |
| * [[Benzathine benzylpenicillin/procaine benzylpenicillin]]
| |
| * [[Cefepime/enmetazobactam]]
| |
| * [[Cefoperazone/sulbactam]]
| |
| * [[Ceftazidime/avibactam]]
| |
| * [[Ceftolozane/tazobactam]]
| |
| * [[Imipenem/cilastatin]]<sup>#</sup>
| |
| * [[Imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam]]
| |
| * [[Meropenem/vaborbactam]]
| |
| * [[Panipenem/betamipron]]
| |
| * [[Piperacillin/tazobactam]]
| |
| * [[Sulbactam/durlobactam]]
| |
| * [[Sulopenem/probenecid]]
| |
| * [[Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid]]
| |
|
| |
|
| }}
| | <!-- Group 2 --> |
| | <tr> |
| | <th style="text-align:right; padding:0.5em; vertical-align:top;">[[Polypeptide antibiotic|Polypeptides]]</th> |
| | <td style="padding:0.5em;"> |
| | <b>Lipopeptides</b> - [[Daptomycin]] - [[Surfactin]]<br /> |
| | <b>Other</b> - [[Ramoplanin]] |
| | </td> |
| | </tr> |
|
| |
|
| | group2 = [[Polypeptide antibiotic|Polypeptides]]
| | <!-- Group 3 --> |
| | list2 = {{Navbox|child
| | <tr> |
| | <th style="text-align:right; padding:0.5em; vertical-align:top;">Intracellular</th> |
| | <td style="padding:0.5em;"> |
| | [[Fosfomycin]] - [[Cycloserine]] - [[Bacitracin]] |
| | </td> |
| | </tr> |
|
| |
|
| | group1 = [[Lipopeptide|Lipopeptides]]
| | <!-- Group 4 --> |
| | list1 =
| | <tr> |
| * Insert into bacterial cell wall causing perforation and depolarization: [[Daptomycin]]
| | <th style="text-align:right; padding:0.5em; vertical-align:top;">Other</th> |
| * [[Surfactin]]
| | <td style="padding:0.5em;"> |
| | [[Lysozyme]] - [[Tyrothricin]] ([[Gramicidin]] - [[Tyrocidine]]) - [[Isoniazid]] - [[Teixobactin]] |
| | </td> |
| | </tr> |
|
| |
|
| | group2 = Other
| | </table> |
| | list2 =
| |
| * Inhibits PG elongation and crosslinking: [[Ramoplanin]]<sup>§</sup>
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| | group3 = Intracellular
| | <!-- Below --> |
| | list3 =
| | <div style="border-top:1px solid #aaa; margin-top:0.5em; padding-top:0.5em;"> |
| * Inhibit [[peptidoglycan|PG]] subunit synthesis and transport: [[N-Acetylmuramic acid|NAM]] synthesis inhibition ([[Fosfomycin]])
| | {{PharmNavFootnote}} |
| * [[D-alanine—D-alanine ligase|DADAL]]/[[Alanine racemase|AR]] inhibitors ([[Cycloserine]])
| | </div> |
| * [[bactoprenol]] inhibitors ([[Bacitracin]])
| |
|
| |
|
| | group4 = Other
| | </td> |
| | list4 =
| | </tr> |
| * Hydrolyze NAM-NAG
| | </table> |
| ** [[lysozyme]]
| | </includeonly> |
| * [[Tyrothricin]]
| |
| ** [[Gramicidin]]
| |
| ** [[Tyrocidine]]
| |
| * [[Isoniazid]]<sup>#</sup>
| |
| * [[Teixobactin]]
| |
|
| |
|
| | belowstyle = padding: 0px;
| | <noinclude> |
| | below = {{PharmNavFootnote}}
| | {{Documentation}} |
| | |
| }}<noinclude>
| |
| {{collapsible option}} | |
| [[Category:Drug templates by ATC]] | | [[Category:Drug templates by ATC]] |
| [[Category:Bactericides|*]] | | [[Category:Bactericides|*]] |
| </noinclude> | | </noinclude> |
